Allah Almighty ordained that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) work as a shepherd in his early years, yielding profound implications which scholars have carefully explained, seeking to uncover the wisdom behind this divine preparation. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “Allah did not send any prophet except that he tended sheep.” His Companions asked, “Even you?” He replied, “Yes, I tended sheep for the people of Mecca in return for a few qirats” (recorded by Bukhari). Imam Ibn Battal, in his commentary on the hadith, observed that the Prophet’s work served to prepare and qualify him to lead the people, similar to the way shepherds manage their flocks by selecting the best pastures, guiding the flock to the best watering places, choosing suitable grazing and resting grounds, caring for the injured and weak, knowing each animal individually, and ensuring the well-being of each animal. Mastering these responsibilities makes one an exemplary caretaker of the people.

It is also worth noting the words of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), “Pride and arrogance are characteristic of the owners of horses, camels, as well as of the loud-voiced coarse desert dwellers, whereas tranquility is found among those who tend sheep” (recorded by Bukhari). This shows that those who tend sheep are characterized by tranquility and dignity, as noted in another narration—qualities well-suited to the nature of a prophet who conveys the message of Allah, cares for the believers through it, and encompasses them in his compassion and mercy. For this reason, all prophets tended sheep. Imam Ibn Hajar observed that tending sheep teaches the messengers of Allah patience, making the hardships of their mission easier to bear than if they had been entrusted with it all from the outset, as shepherding gradually prepares them for it.

Dr. Mohamed Saʿid Ramaḍan al-Buti draws attention to a subtle meaning in this divine arrangement, noting the elevated discernment and keen sensitivity Allah Almighty adorned the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) with. Recognizing his ability to work, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) strove to support himself, showing compassion for his uncle Abu Talib, who had been raising and providing for him. Although his earnings were meager, it reflected the Prophet’s generosity and benevolence. It also shows that the best wealth is that which one earns oneself, not what one acquires while idle, offering no benefit to society.

Furthermore, no message will have any real value if its bearer subsists on the donations and support of others. For this reason, the bearer of the message of Islam, Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) earned his livelihood through his own work, not beholden to anyone for his sustenance and free from anything that might have compromised his ability to proclaim the truth freely and openly.