My father is elderly. What is the extent of the validity of tawaf and sa’y for a person suffering from urinary and fecal incontinence? Is it permissible for him to enter the Sacred Precincts in Mecca and Medina while wearing adult diapers due to his condition?

Ritual purity is a prerequisite for tawaf. The state of ritual purity for a person suffering from incontinence is achieved by performing ablution, without regard to anything that may subsequently exit the body. However, such a person must ensure that the Mosque is not soiled during tawaf. If such a person is certain that no soiling will occur by wearing diapers or anything similar that prevents contamination, then tawaf may be performed, and it is valid.

In contrast, sa’y and mere entry into the Mosque does not require ritual purity. It is therefore permissible for a person suffering from urinary and fecal incontinence to enter the Sacred precincts in Mecca and Medina while wearing anything that prevents the Mosque and mas’a from being soiled.